Ma garanaysaa qeexida MOSFET?

MOSFET, loo yaqaan Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, waa qalab elektaroonik ah oo si weyn loo isticmaalo oo ka tirsan nooc ka mid ah Field-Effect Transistor (FET) .qaabka ugu weyn eeMOSFETwuxuu ka kooban yahay irid bir ah, lakabka dahaarka oksaydhka (sida badan Silicon Dioxide SiO₂) iyo lakabka semiconductor (sida caadiga ah Silicon Si). Mabda'a hawlgalka ayaa ah in la xakameeyo korantada albaabka si loo beddelo beerta korantada ee dusha sare ama gudaha semiconductor, sidaas darteed xakamaynta hadda u dhexeeya isha iyo qulqulka.

MOSFET-yadawaxaa loo kala saari karaa laba nooc oo waaweyn: N-channelMOSFET-yada(NMOS) iyo P-channelMOSFET-yada(PMOS) NMOS, marka korantada albaabku ay wanaagsan tahay marka la eego isha, n-nooca kanaalada samaynta ayaa lagu sameeyay dusha sare ee semiconductor, taas oo u oggolaanaysa electrons inay ka soo qulqulaan isha ilaa qulqulka. PMOS, marka korantada iridu ay tahay mid taban oo ku saabsan isha, kanaalka nooca p-nooca ayaa lagu sameeyay dusha sare ee semiconductor, taas oo u oggolaanaysa godadka inay ka soo qulqulaan isha ilaa qulqulka.

MOSFET-yadaWaxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin badan, sida impedance sare, qaylada hoose, isticmaalka awoodda hoose, iyo fududaynta isdhexgalka, sidaas darteed waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa wareegyada analoogga, wareegyada dhijitaalka ah, maamulka awoodda, korantada korantada, hababka isgaarsiinta, iyo meelaha kale. Wareegyada isku dhafan,MOSFET-yadawaa unugyada aasaasiga ah ee ka kooban CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) wareegyada macquulka ah. Wareegyada CMOS waxay isku daraan faa'iidooyinka NMOS iyo PMOS, waxaana lagu gartaa isticmaalka tamarta hooseeya, xawaaraha sare iyo isdhexgalka sare.

Intaa waxaa dheer,MOSFET-yadawaxaa loo kala saari karaa nooca-kordhinta iyo nooca-dhaqdhaqaaqa iyadoo loo eegayo haddii kanaalada ay qabanayaan ay yihiin kuwo horay loo sameeyay. Nooca kobcintaMOSFETin danab albaabka waa eber marka kanaalka ma aha conductive, u baahan tahay in ay dalbadaan danab albaabka gaar ah si ay u sameeyaan kanaalka conductive; halka nooca dhimistaMOSFETin danab albaabku waa eber marka kanaalka waa horeba conductive, danab albaabka waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo xakameeyo conductivity ee channel.

Isku soo wada duubooMOSFETwaa transistor saamayn goobta ku salaysan qaab-dhismeedka semiconductor bir oxide ah, kaas oo nidaaminaya hadda u dhexeeya isha iyo bullaacadaha iyada oo la xakameynayo danab albaabka, oo uu leeyahay tiro balaadhan oo ah codsiyada iyo qiimaha farsamo ee muhiimka ah.