Maxay MOSFET-yadu Muhiim ugu yihiin Elektarooniga Casriga ah
Weligaa ma la yaabtay sida taleefankaaga casriga ah uu ugu xidhi karo awood xisaabeed badan meel yar oo sidan oo kale ah? Jawaabtu waxay ku jirtaa mid ka mid ah hal-abuurrada ugu kacaanka badan ee elektaroonigga ah: MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor). Haddi aad tahay qof hiwaayad u leh, arday, ama aad u xiisayso elektaroonigga, fahamka MOSFET-yada ayaa muhiim u ah da'da dhijitaalka ah ee maanta.
Waa maxay dhab ahaan MOSFET?
Ka fakar MOSFET inuu yahay furaha elektaroonigga ah ee koontarooli kara socodka korontada. Si ka duwan shilalka farsamada ee dhaqameed, MOSFETs ma laha qaybo dhaqaaqa waxayna bedeli karaan kumanaan ama xitaa malaayiin jeer ilbiriqsikii. Waxay yihiin dhismaha aasaasiga ah ee qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee casriga ah, laga bilaabo kontaroolayaasha LED-ga fudud ilaa kuwa yar-yar ee isku dhafan.
Qaab dhismeedka aasaasiga ah ee MOSFET
| Terminalka | Shaqada | Analogy |
|---|---|---|
| Albaabka (G) | Xakameeya socodka hadda | Sida gacanta tuubada biyaha |
| Xigasho (S) | Halka hadda uu galo | Sida isha biyaha |
| Daadi (D) | Halka hadda laga baxo | Sida biyo mareenka |
Noocyada MOSFETs: N-Channel vs P-Channel
MOSFETs waxay ku yimaadaan laba dhadhan oo waaweyn: N-channel iyo P-channel. Ka fakar iyaga inay yihiin qalab dheeri ah oo ku jira sanduuqaaga qalabka elektaroonigga ah. MOSFET-yada N-channel waxay la mid yihiin aaladaha gacanta midig (badanaa oo caadi ahaan ka jaban), halka P-channel MOSFETs ay la mid yihiin aaladaha gacanta bidix (wax aan caadi ahayn laakiin lama huraan u ah codsiyada gaarka ah).
Farqiga Muhiimka ah
- N-channel: Wuxuu ku daaraa danab albaabka togan
- P-channel: Wuxuu ku daaraa danab albaabka taban
- N-channel: Guud ahaan RDS(on) iska caabbinta hoos u dhigta
- P-channel: Naqshad wareeg oo fudud xaaladaha qaarkood
Codsiyada caadiga ah ee MOSFETs
MOSFETs waa qaybo si cajiib ah u wanaajin kara. Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah codsiyada caadiga ah:
- Sahayda korantada iyo xakamaynta tamarta
- Xakamaynta mootada iyo wareegyada PWM
- Darawalada LED-ka iyo xakamaynta iftiinka
- Cod-weyneeyeyaal
- Qalabka ku shaqeeya baytari
Doorashada MOSFET saxda ah
Doorashada MOSFET ku habboon ee codsigaaga waxay ku lug leedahay tixgelinta dhowr cabbir oo muhiim ah:
| Halbeegga | Sharaxaada | Kala duwanaanshaha caadiga ah |
|---|---|---|
| VDS (ugu badnaan) | Korontada isha ugu sarreysa | 20V - 800V |
| Aqoonsiga (ugu badnaan) | qulqulka ugu badan ee hadda | 1A - 100A |
| RDS (daran) | Iska caabinta gobolka | 1mΩ - 100mΩ |
Khaladaadka caadiga ah ee la iska ilaaliyo
Markaad la shaqaynayso MOSFETs, bilawga bilawga ah waxay badanaa sameeyaan khaladaadkan:
- Illowda ilaalinta albaabka
- Iska indhatirka maamulka kulaylka
- Danab wadista albaabka khaldan
- Dhaqannada qaabeynta PCB liidata
Mawduucyo Horumarineed
Tixgelinta Gate Drive
Wadista albaabka saxda ah ayaa muhiim u ah waxqabadka MOSFET ee ugu fiican. Tixgeli arrimahan:
- Korontada heerka albaabka (VGS(th))
- Kharashka albaabka (Qg)
- Shuruudaha xawaaraha beddelka
- Wadida topology wareegga
Maamulka kulaylka
MOSFET-yada awoodda leh waxay dhalin karaan kulayl weyn inta lagu jiro hawlgalka. Maareynta kulaylka ee waxtarka leh waxay ku lug leedahay:
- Xulashada heatsink habboon
- Qalabka isdhexgalka kulaylka
- Tixgelinta socodka hawada
- Kormeerka heerkulka
Ma u baahan tahay Xalka Xirfadlayaasha MOSFET?
Olukey, waxaan ku siinnaa MOSFET-yada tayada sare leh ee dhammaan codsiyada. Kooxdayada khubarada ah ayaa kaa caawin kara inaad doorato MOSFET ugu fiican baahiyahaaga gaarka ah.
Khayraadka Dheeraadka ah
Ma rabtaa inaad wax badan ka ogaato MOSFET-yada? Fiiri agabkan qiimaha leh:
- Qoraallada codsiga oo faahfaahsan
- Tilmaamaha naqshadeynta
- Tilmaamaha farsamada
- Tusaalaha wareegyada
