Waa maxay mabda'a wareegga wadista ee MOSFET awoodda sare?

MOSFET isla awoodda sare leh, isticmaalka wareegyada wadista kala duwan waxay heli doontaa sifooyin beddelasho oo kala duwan. Isticmaalka waxqabadka wanaagsan ee wareegga wadista wuxuu ka dhigi karaa qalabka beddelka awoodda inuu ku shaqeeyo xaalad beddelaad oo heer sare ah, iyadoo la gaabinayo wakhtiga beddelka, hoos u dhigista khasaaraha beddelka, rakibidda hufnaanta hawlgalka, isku hallaynta iyo badbaadada ayaa ah muhiimad weyn. Sidaa darteed, faa'iidooyinka iyo faa'iido darrada wareegga wadista ayaa si toos ah u saameeya waxqabadka wareegga ugu weyn, fikradda naqshadeynta wareegga wadista ayaa sii kordheysa oo muhiim ah. Thyristor size yar yar, miisaanka fudud, hufnaan sare, nolosha dheer, fududahay in la isticmaalo, si fudud u joojin kartaa rectifier iyo inverter, oo aan bedeli karin qaab-dhismeedka wareegga hoos dhismaha ee beddelka size ee rectifier ama inverter current.IGBT waa isku dhafan. qalab ka mid ahMOSFETiyo GTR, kaas oo leh sifooyinka xawaaraha beddelka degdega ah, xasilloonida kulaylka wanaagsan, awoodda wadista yar yar iyo wareegga wadida fudud, oo leh faa'iidooyinka hoos u dhaca korantada ee gobolka, koronto adkeysiga sare iyo aqbalida sare ee hadda. IGBT sida qalab wax soo saarka tamarta caadiga ah, gaar ahaan meelaha tamarta sare leh, ayaa si caadi ah loo isticmaalay qaybo kala duwan.

Wareegga wadista ku habboon ee aaladaha beddelka MOSFET ee awoodda sare leh waa inay buuxiyaan shuruudaha soo socda:

(1) Marka tubbada korantada la shido, wareegga wadista wuxuu ku siin karaa saldhig degdeg ah oo kor u kacaya, si ay u jirto awood ku filan marka la shido, sidaas darteed hoos u dhigista khasaaraha.

(2) Inta lagu guda jiro wareejinta tuubada wareejinta, saldhiga hadda ay bixiso MOSFET wareegga darawalku wuxuu hubin karaa in tuubada korantadu ay ku jirto xaalad korantada oo buuxa xaalad kasta oo culeys ah, iyadoo hubinaysa in lumitaanka tareenku uu hooseeyo. Si loo dhimo wakhtiga kaydinta, qalabku waa in uu ahaado mid aad u daran ka hor inta aan la xidhin.

(3) xidhitaanka, wareegga darawalku waa inuu bixiyaa gadaal gadaal gadaal ah oo ku filan si uu si dhakhso ah u soo saaro sidayaasha haray ee gobolka saldhigga si loo yareeyo wakhtiga kaydinta; oo ku dar danab goynta eexda ah, si hadda ururiyaha uu si degdeg ah u dhaco si loo yareeyo wakhtiga soo degista. Dabcan, xidhitaanka thyristor weli waa inta badan by hoos u dhaca danab anode gadaasha si loo dhamaystiro xidhitaanka.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, thyristor wuxuu ku wadaa tiro la mid ah oo kaliya iyada oo loo marayo transformer-ka ama go'doominta indhaha si loo kala saaro dhamaadka korantada hoose iyo dhamaadka tamarta sare, ka dibna iyada oo loo marayo wareegga beddelka si loo kaxeeyo socodka thyristor. On IGBT ee isticmaalka hadda ee moduleka wadista IGBT ee dheeraadka ah, laakiin sidoo kale isku dhafan IGBT, nidaamka is-daryeelka, is-ogaanshaha iyo qaybaha kale ee shaqeynaya ee IPM.

Warqadan, thyristor-ka waxaan u isticmaalnaa, naqshadeyna wareegga wadista tijaabada ah, oo jooji tijaabada dhabta ah si loo caddeeyo inuu wadi karo thyristor. Dhanka wadista IGBT, warqadani waxay inta badan soo bandhigaysaa noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee IGBT wadista hadda, iyo sidoo kale wareeggooda wadista u dhigma, iyo wadadda go'doominta ee inta badan la isticmaalo si loo joojiyo tijaabada jilitaanka.

2. Daraasaadka wareegga wareegga ee Thyristor drive guud ahaan xaaladaha shaqada thyristor waa:

(1) thyristor aqbala danab anode gadaal, iyadoo aan loo eegin iridda aqbala nooca danab, thyristor waa in gobolka off.

(2) Thyristor wuxuu aqbalaa korontada anode-ka hore, kaliya kiiska iriddu wuxuu aqbalaa danab togan thyristor waa shid.

(3) Thyristor in xaaladda conduction, oo kaliya danab anode togan gaar ah, iyadoo aan loo eegin danab albaabka, thyristor ku adkaystay on conducting, taas oo ah, ka dib markii thyristor conduction, albaabka waa lumay. (4) thyristor in xaaladda conduction, marka danab wareegga ugu weyn (ama hadda) hoos u dhow eber, thyristor xidhitaanka. Waxaan dooranay thyristor waa TYN1025, korantada adkeysigeedu waa 600V ilaa 1000V, hadda ilaa 25A. Waxay u baahan tahay danab wadista albaabka waa 10V ilaa 20V, wadista hadda waa 4mA ilaa 40mA. hadda dayactirkeeduna waa 50mA, matoorku hadda waa 90mA. labada DSP ama CPLD kiciya baaxadda signalka ilaa 5V. Marka hore, ilaa inta baaxadda 5V ee 24V, ka dibna iyada oo loo marayo 2: 1 transformer go'doon ah si loogu beddelo calaamadda 24V ee kicinta 12V, iyada oo la dhammaystirayo shaqada go'doominta korantada sare iyo hoose.

Naqshadaynta wareegga tijaabada iyo falanqaynta

First of dhan, wareegga boost, ay sabab u tahay wareegga transformer go'doomin ee marxaladda dambe ee ahMOSFETQalabku wuxuu u baahan yahay calaamadda kicinta 15V, markaa baahida loo qabo in marka hore la kordhiyo 5V signal kiciye 15V signal kiciye, iyada oo loo sii marayo signalka MC14504 5V, loo beddelo signalka 15V, ka dibna iyada oo loo marayo CD4050 on wax soo saarka ee 15V signalada qaabaynta, channel 2 waxa uu ku xidhan yahay signalka 5V, kanaalka 1 waxa uu ku xidhan yahay wax soo saarka Channel 2 waxa uu ku xidhan yahay 5V signalka, kanaalka 1 waa ku xiran wax soo saarka 15V signal kiciye.

Qaybta labaad waa go'doominta wareegga wareegga, shaqada ugu weyn ee wareeggu waa: 15V signalka kiciya, oo loo beddelo calaamad 12V ah si uu u kiciyo dhabarka wareegga thyristor, iyo in la sameeyo calaamadda kicinta 15V iyo masaafada u dhaxaysa dhabarka. marxaladda.

Mabda'a shaqada ee wareegga waa: sababtoo ahMOSFETIRF640 danab drive of 15V, sidaas darteed, marka hore oo dhan, in J1 helitaanka 15V signal la ruxruxo square, iyada oo resistor R4 ku xiran nidaamiyaha 1N4746, si danab kiciya waa xasilloon, laakiin sidoo kale in la sameeyo danab kiciya ma aha mid aad u sarreeya. , gubtay MOSFET, ka dibna MOSFET IRF640 (runtii, tani waa tuubo beddeleysa, xakamaynta dhamaadka dambe ee furitaanka iyo xidhitaanka. Xakamee dhamaadka danbe ee shid iyo daminta), ka dib markii la xakameeyo wareegga waajibaadka signalka wadista, si loo xakameeyo daminta iyo daminta wakhtiga MOSFET. Marka MOSFET-ku furan yahay, oo u dhiganta dhulkeeda D-cirifka ah, marka uu furmo, ka dib wareegga dambe ee u dhigma 24 V. . Dhamaadka saxda ah ee transformer-ku wuxuu ku xiran yahay buundada hagaajinta, ka dibna calaamadda 12V waxay ka soo baxaysaa xiriiriyaha X1.

Dhibaatooyinka la kulmay intii lagu jiray tijaabada

Ugu horrayn, markii korontadii la shiday, fiyuuskii ayaa si lama filaan ah u afuufay, markii dambe markii la hubiyay wareegga, waxaa la ogaaday in ay cilad ku timid naqshadda wareegga hore. Ugu horrayn, si loo wanaajiyo saamaynta wax-soo-saarkeeda tuubada beddelidda, dhulka 24V iyo 15V ee kala soocida dhulka, taas oo ka dhigaysa MOSFET albaabkeeda G ee u dhiganta dhabarka tiirka S ayaa la hakiyay, taasoo keentay kicinta beenta ah. Daawadu waa in la isku xidho dhulka 24V iyo 15V, mar labaadna la joojiyo tijaabada, wareeggu si caadi ah ayuu u shaqeeyaa. Isku xirka wareegga waa wax caadi ah, laakiin marka aad ka qaybqaadato calaamadda wadista, kulaylka MOSFET, oo lagu daray calaamadda wadista muddo wakhti ah, fiyuuska waa la afuufay, ka dibna ku dar calaamadda darawalnimada, fiyuuska si toos ah ayaa loo afuufay. Hubi wareegga la ogaaday in wareegga shaqada ee heerka sare ee calaamada waduhu uu aad u weyn yahay, taasoo keentay in MOSFET wakhtiga shidashadu aad u dheer yahay. Naqshadaynta wareeggan waxay samaysaa marka MOSFET-ku furmo, 24V si toos ah loogu daro darafyada MOSFET, kumana darin iska caabin hadda xaddidaya, haddii waqtigu aad u dheer yahay in hadda uu aad u weyn yahay, MOSFET dhaawac. Baahida loo qabo in la xakameeyo wareegga waajibaadka calaamaduhu ma noqon karaan kuwo aad u weyn, guud ahaan 10% ilaa 20% ama wax ka badan.

2.3 Xaqiijinta wareegga wadista

Si loo xaqiijiyo suurtagalnimada wareegga wadista, waxaan u isticmaalnaa si aan u wadno wareegga thyristor ee ku xiran si taxane ah midba midka kale, thyristor si taxane ah midba midka kale ka dibna ka-hortagga isbarbardhigga, helitaanka wareegga oo leh fal-celin inductive, sahayda korontada waa 380V AC korantada isha.

MOSFET ee wareeggan, thyristor Q2, Q8 waxay kicisaa calaamadda iyada oo loo marayo gelitaanka G11 iyo G12, halka Q5, Q11 ay kicinayaan calaamadda G21, G22. Ka hor inta aan calaamadda wadista la helin ilaa heerka albaabka thyristor, si loo hagaajiyo awoodda ka hortagga faragelinta thyristor, albaabka thyristor wuxuu ku xiran yahay resistor iyo capacitor. Wareeggani wuxuu ku xiran yahay inductor ka dibna la geliyaa wareegga weyn. Ka dib markii la xakameeyo xagal conduction of thyristor ah si loo xakameeyo inductor weyn galay waqtiga wareegga ugu weyn, wareegyada sare iyo hoose ee xagal wajiga ee farqiga signal kiciye ee wareegga nus ah, G11 sare iyo G12 waa signal kiciye jidka oo dhan. iyada oo loo marayo wareegga drive ee marxaladda hore ee transformer go'doomin waa midba midka kale, G21 hoose iyo G22 ayaa sidoo kale ka soocay si la mid ah signalka. Labada calaamadood ee kiciya waxay kiciyaan ka-hortagga wareegga thyristor-ka-hortagga wareegga togan iyo taban, ka sarreeya kanaalka 1 wuxuu ku xiran yahay dhammaan tamarta wareegga thyristor, wareegga thyristor wuxuu noqonayaa 0, iyo 2, 3 kanaalka wuxuu ku xiran yahay wareegga thyristor kor iyo hoos. calaamadaha kiciya wadada, kanaalka 4 waxaa lagu qiyaasaa qulqulka tamarta thyristor oo dhan.

Kanaalka 2 wuxuu qiyaasay calaamadda kicinta togan, oo kicisay korka marinka thyristor, hadda waa togan; Kanaalka 3 wuxuu cabbiray calaamada kiciya gadaal, kicinta wareegga hoose ee marinka thyristor, hadda waa taban.

3.IGBT wadista wareegga seminar IGBT drive circuit wuxuu leeyahay codsiyo gaar ah oo badan, oo la soo koobay:

(1) wad heerka kor u kaca iyo hoos u dhaca garaaca korantada waa inuu ahaadaa mid ku filan. igbt shid, cidhifka hore ee danabka albaabka steep waxaa lagu daraa albaabka G iyo emitter E inta u dhaxaysa iridda, si ay si degdeg ah u shid si ay u gaaraan daar ugu gaaban waqtiga si loo yareeyo shid khasaaraha. Xiritaanka IGBT, wareegga wadista albaabka waa inuu bixiyaa cidhifka IGBT ee soo degaya waa danab xidhid aad u adag, iyo albaabka IGBT G iyo emitter E inta u dhaxaysa danab eexashada habboon ee IGBT, si dhakhso ah IGBT u xidho, u gaabiyo wakhtiga xidhitaanka, la yareeyo khasaaraha xiritaanka.

(2) Ka dib korantada IGBT, danab wadista iyo hadda ay bixiso wareegga wadista albaabka waa inay ahaato mid ku filan xajmiga IGBT ee korantada iyo hadda, si wax soo saarka korontada ee IGBT uu had iyo jeer ku jiro xaalad saturated ah. Culayska xad dhaafka ah, awoodda wadista ee ay bixiso wareegga wadista albaabka waa in ay ahaataa mid ku filan si loo hubiyo in IGBT uusan ka bixin gobolka saturation iyo dhaawac.

(3) Wareegga wadista albaabka IGBT waa inuu bixiyaa danab wadid IGBT togan si uu u qaato qiimaha ku habboon, gaar ahaan habka hawlgalka gaaban ee qalabka loo isticmaalo IGBT, danab wadista togan waa in lagu doortaa qiimaha ugu yar ee loo baahan yahay. Codsiga beddelka danabka albaabka IGBT waa inuu ahaadaa 10V ~ 15V sida ugu fiican.

(4) Habka xidhitaanka IGBT, korantada eexda diidmada ah ee lagu dabaqo inta u dhaxaysa albaabka - emitter-ku wuxuu ku habboon yahay xidhitaanka degdegga ah ee IGBT, laakiin waa inaan la qaadin mid aad u weyn, qaadashada caadiga ah -2V ilaa -10V.

(5) marka laga hadlayo culeysyada waaweyn ee wax soo saarka, beddelka degdegga ah waa waxyeello, culeysyo waaweyn oo soo jiidasho leh oo ku jira IGBT daar degdeg ah iyo daminta, waxay soo saari doontaa soo noqnoqoshada sare iyo baaxadda sare iyo ballaca cidhiidhiga ah ee korantada sare ee Ldi / dt , Sarraynta ma fududa in la nuugo, fududahay in la sameeyo waxyeelo qalab.

(6) Sida IGBT loo isticmaalo meelaha korantada sare, sidaas darteed wareegga wadista waa in uu la socdaa wareegga xakamaynta oo dhan ee suurtogalka ah ee go'doominta ba'an, isticmaalka caadiga ah ee go'doominta isku-xirnaanta xawaaraha sare ama isugeynta isugeynta.

Heerka wareegga wadista

Horumarinta tignoolajiyada isku dhafan, wareegga wadista albaabka IGBT ee hadda waxaa inta badan gacanta ku haya chips isku dhafan. Habka xakamaynta ayaa weli ah saddex nooc:

(1) Nooca kicinta tooska ah ma jiro go'doomin koronto oo u dhexeeya gelinta iyo calaamadaha soo-saarka.

(2) Go'doominta transformer-ka ayaa udhaxeeya calaamadaha soo-gelinta iyo soo-saarka iyadoo la adeegsanayo go'doominta garaaca wadnaha, heerka go'doominta korantada ilaa 4000V.

Waxaa jira 3 hab oo sida soo socota

Habka daahsoon: wax-soo-saarka transformer-ka sare waxaa loo isticmaalaa in si toos ah loo wado IGBT, sababtoo ah xaddidaadda siman ee volt-labaad, waxa kaliya oo lagu dabaqi karaa meelaha wareegga waajibaadka uusan wax badan ka beddelin.

Habka firfircoon: Transformer kaliya waxay bixisaa calaamadaha go'doonsan, ee wareegga cod-weyneeye caag ah oo labaad si loo kaxeeyo IGBT, waveform waveform ayaa ka fiican, laakiin baahida loo qabo in la bixiyo awood kaabayaal gooni ah.

Habka is-bixinta: Transformer-ka garaaca wadnaha waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu gudbiyo labadaba tamarta wadista iyo habaynta-soo noqnoqoshada-sare iyo tikniyoolajiyadda demodulation ee gudbinta calaamadaha macquulka ah, oo loo qaybiyay hab-wax-is-gaarsiineed-nooca is-bixinta iyo tignoolajiyada wadaagga is-bixinta, taas oo modulation-ka -nooca awoodda is-bixinta ee buundada toosiyaha si ay u soo saarto tamarta loo baahan yahay, habaynta-soo noqnoqda sare iyo tiknoolajiyada demodulation si loo gudbiyo calaamadaha macquulka ah.

3. Xiriirka iyo farqiga u dhexeeya thyristor iyo IGBT drive

Thyristor iyo IGBT wareegga wadista waxay leeyihiin farqi u dhexeeya xarunta la midka ah. Ugu horreyntii, labada wareeg ee gawaarida ayaa loo baahan yahay si ay u go'doomiyaan qalabka beddelka iyo wareegga kontoroolka midba midka kale, si looga fogaado wareegyada korontadu waxay saameyn ku yeeshaan wareegga xakamaynta. Kadibna, labadaba waxaa lagu dabaqaa calaamadda wadista albaabka si ay u kiciyaan qalabka daminta. Farqiga ayaa ah in thyristor drive u baahan yahay signal hadda, halka IGBT u baahan yahay signal danab ah. Ka dib wareejinta aaladda wareejinta, albaabka thyristor wuxuu lumiyay xakameynta isticmaalka thyristor, haddii aad rabto inaad xirto thyristor, terminaalka thyristor waa in lagu daraa korantada gadaale; iyo xidhitaanka IGBT kaliya waxay u baahan yihiin in lagu daro albaabka korantada wadista taban, si loo xidho IGBT.

4. Gabagabo

Warqadani waxay inta badan u qaybsantaa laba qaybood oo ka mid ah sheekada, qaybta hore ee codsiga wareegga thyristor drive si ay u joojiso sheekada, naqshadeynta wareegga wadista u dhiganta, iyo naqshadeynta wareegga waxaa lagu dabaqaa wareegga thyristor ee wax ku oolka ah, iyada oo loo marayo jilitaanka. iyo tijaabinta si loo caddeeyo suurtagalnimada wareegga wadista, geeddi-socodka tijaabada ah ee la kulmay falanqaynta dhibaatooyinka ayaa istaagay oo la macaamilay. Qeybta labaad ee doodda ugu weyn ee IGBT ee codsiga wareegga wadista, iyo iyada oo ku saleysan si loo sii baro wareegga wadista IGBT ee hadda la isticmaalo, iyo wareegga ugu weyn ee go'doominta optocoupler si loo joojiyo jilitaanka iyo tijaabinta, si loo caddeeyo suurtagalnimada wareegga wadista.